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[기출문제] 국민대 생화학 2025-2 중간 기출문제 (정답 포함)

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2025.12.12 14:31

1. 시험 정보

학교/과목	국민대 생화학
시험명	2025-2 중간고사
문항수/형식	단답형
교수명	곽수량
정답/해설	✅ 있음
파일형식	PDF

2. 출제 범위 & 키워드

출제 범위 & 키워드
원핵·진핵세포 비교, 아미노산 산염기 특성, 생체분자 구조, 유전·진화 개념, 효소 특이성, 물의 특성 및 화학결합, 생명체 대사 개념 전반

📚 키워드
원핵세포, 아미노산 pKa·pI, 포토트로프·케모트로프, DNA 복제, 입체화학·입체특이성, RNA 기원설, 수소결합, 돌연변이, 엔도시비온트 이론, ΔG 해석

3. 기출 미리보기

문제: Which of the following is NOT a correct description about prokaryote?
a. They consist of unicellular organisms only.
b. They do not have nucleoid.
c. Archaea historically were characterized from extreme environment.
d. It is possible to discern bacteria and archaea based on the composition of their cell envelopes.
e. Archaea share some biological features with eukaryotes.

답: B

4. 자료 보기

[기출 문제]

1. Which of the following is NOT a correct description about prokaryote?
a. They consist of unicellular organisms only.
b. They do not have nucleoid.
c. Archaea historically were characterized from extreme environment.
d. It is possible to discern bacteria and archaea based on the composition of their cell envelopes.
e. Archaea share some biological features with eukaryotes.

2. Which statement regarding the acid-base characteristics of the 20 common amino acids is FALSE?
a. They generally exists as zwitterions at physiological pH.
b. They have a characteristic isoelectric point.
c. Each has three pKa values.
d. They can act as buffers.
e. a and c.

3. The pH of a sample of blood is 7.4, while gastric juice is pH 1.4. The blood sample has than the gastric juice.
[H+]
a. 0.189 times higher
b. 5.29 times lower
c. 6 times higher
d. 6,000 times lower
e. one million times lower

4. Which statement is true regarding energy sources used by organisms?
a. Phototrophs can use carbon dioxide as an energy source.
b. All phototrophs are autotrophs.
c. All chemotrophs are heterotrophs.
d. Phototrophs can use carbon dioxide as an a carbon source.
e. All phototrophs are autotrophs that can use carbon dioxide as a carbon source.

5. The four covalent bonds in methane are arranged around carbon to give which geometry?
a. linear
b. tetrahedral
c. trigonal bipyramidal
d. trigonal planar
e. trigonal pyramidal

6. Which of the following is a correct description about DNA?
a. DNA is the only informational macromolecule in the human body.
b. After replication, each DNA molecule is made of one old DNA strand and one new strand.
c. Two polynucleotide strands of DNA double helix structure are held together by phosphodiester
bonds.
d. Purine bases make stronger bonds than pyrimidine bases.
e. All of the above answers are correct.

7. Which factor can be changed without breaking covalent bonds?
a. conformation
b. configuration
c. chirality
d. stereochemistry
e. None of the answers is correct.

8. The enzyme fumarase catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumaric acid to L-malate, but it will not
catalyze the hydration of maleic acid, which is the cis isomer of fumaric acid. This is an example of:
a. racemization
b. chrial activity
c. stereospecificity
d. stereoisomerization
e. None of the answers is correct.

9. RNA is considered as the first biomaterial in this world because:
a. RNA is an informational biomolecule.
b. RNA can have catalytic activity.
c. RNA has simpler structure than DNA, and accordingly requires less resources to be synthesized.
d. a and b.
e. None of the answers is correct.

10. Which statement about hydrogen bonds is NOT true?
a. Hydrogen bonds account for the high boiling point of water compared to molecules of similar
size.
b. In liquid water, the average water molecule forms hydrogen bonds with three to four other water
molecules.
c. Individual hydrogen bonds are much weaker than covalent bonds.
d. Individual hydrogen bonds in liquid water exist for many seconds and sometimes for minutes.
e. The strength of a hydrogen bonds depends on the linearity of three atoms invovled in the bond.

11. [2 points] For amino acids with neutral R groups, at any pH below the pl of the amino acid, the
population of amino acids in solution will have:
a. a net negative charge.
b. a net positive charge.
c. no charged groups
d. no net charge.
e. positive and negative charges in equal concentration.

12. Which organelle probably originated as an endosymbiotic engulfing of an aerobic bacterium by a
eukaryotic cell?
a. chloroplast
b. mitochondrion
c. Golgi body
d. nucleus
e. endoplasmic reticulum

13. [2 points] Which statement is true about genetic mutations?
a. Mutations may arise from an unrepaired mistake in DNA replication.
b. Mutations may arise from incorrectly repaired damage to one of the DNA strands.
c. Mutations in reproductive cells can be passed to offspring.
d. Mutations may better equip an organism or cell to survive in its environment.
e. All of the statements are true.

14. Water has a charged biomolecules by interrupting dielectric constant, and therefore, water is a good solvent to dissolve salts or
of dissolved ions.
a. low; van der Waals interaction
b. high; van der Waals interaction
c. low; equilibrium
d. low; electrostatic interactions
e. high; electrostatic interactions

15. Reaction 1 has a ∆∘ of -3.4 kJ/mol, and reaction 2 has a ∆∘ of -13.4 kJ/mol. Which statement is
true of these two reactions?
a. Reaction 1 occurs faster.
b. Reaction 2 occurs faster.
c. Both reactions occur at the same rate.
d. Reaction 2 will not occur.
e. It is impossible to know which reaction occurs faster with this information.

[답안]